基于知识更新的企业合作演化博弈分析     

张苏荣  王文平 《软科学》2011,25(1):24-27,36

运用演化博弈论的方法,建立企业间合作演化博弈模型,研究知识更新对企业合作策略选择的影响。模型分析表明,企业均选择合作策略的概率与知识更新的收益系数及相互间的信任水平正相关,与知识更新的合作成本系数和风险系数负相关。在此基础上,提出了激励企业通过知识网络开展合作的策略建议。  相似文献   

The impact of academic patenting on university research and its transfer     

Gustavo CrespiPablo D’Este  Roberto FontanaAldo Geuna 《Research Policy》2011,40(1):55-68

This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the impact of academic patenting on publishing and knowledge transfer. Drawing upon two separate surveys of academics, and their CV information, we provide empirical evidence for UK academics in engineering and physical sciences. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. First, our findings show that (the intensity of) academic patenting complements publishing up to a certain level of patenting output, after which we find evidence of a substitution effect. We also find weak evidence of important differences across scientific fields with the more basic-oriented fields showing indications of a crowding-out effect. Second, our analysis of the potential impact of patenting on knowledge transfer shows a positive correlation between the stock of patents and engagement in knowledge transfer channels. However, we find that a substitution effect sets in, indicating an inverted U-shaped relationship between patenting and several knowledge transfer channels.  相似文献   

When ‘national innovation system’ meet ‘varieties of capitalism’ arguments on labour qualifications: On the skill types and scientific knowledge needed for radical and incremental product innovations     

Andrea M. HerrmannAuthor Vitae  Alexander PeineAuthor Vitae 《Research Policy》2011,40(5):687-701

The literatures on ‘varieties of capitalism’ (VoC) and ‘national innovation systems’ (NIS) propose very similar arguments about how firms require different types of labour qualifications to pursue strategies of radical product innovation (RPI), incremental product innovation (IPI), and product imitation (PI) respectively. Despite their similar lines of reasoning, however, the VoC scholars are concerned with the skill profiles of a firm's entire workforce, whereas the NIS proponents focus on the knowledge base of scientists. Given that both literatures have developed without explicitly taking the arguments of the neighbouring discipline into account, it is thus unclear whether they explain the same, or different, phenomena. Furthermore, both literatures propose firm level arguments but test them on the basis of macro- rather than micro-level indicators. This paper therefore asks: first, does micro-level evidence support the VoC and NIS arguments that particular types of employee skills and knowledge backgrounds of scientists are needed for different competitive strategies? And, if so, do RPI, IPI, and PI firms need to employ scientists in combination with a workforce having the respective qualifications, or is it sufficient if scientists or employees alone are adequately qualified. Quantitative analyses indicate that a particular mix of scientific knowledge combined with employee skills facilitate RPI, IPI, and PI strategies. The article thus concludes that - despite their similar reasoning - the VoC and the NIS literatures indeed describe different phenomena, without being aware of the synergies created whenever adequate employee and scientific qualifications are hired together.  相似文献   

Conserving indigenous knowledge as the key to the current and future use of traditional vegetables     

T.P. Dweba  M.A. MearnsAuthor vitae 《International Journal of Information Management》2011,31(6):564-571

Indigenous knowledge erodes rapidly. When the loss of this knowledge negatively affects the lives and health of traditionally living rural communities, a drive to conserve indigenous knowledge becomes vital. This article argues that the transfer of indigenous knowledge on traditional vegetables will ensure the availability and utilisation of this important food source for resource-poor rural communities. Data collected on the present use of traditional vegetables at a rural Xhosa village in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa documented indigenous practices of traditional vegetable use and measured attitudes and perceptions of young women. Findings revealed that although traditional vegetables are readily available, there is a decline in the use of traditional vegetables in this village. Since the loss of associated indigenous knowledge is a reality, and in view of the negative attitude towards traditional vegetables, future use of this valuable food source is threatened. The transfer of the associated indigenous knowledge holds the key to the potential future use of traditional vegetables. Altered perceptions of traditional vegetables are crucial for the conservation of the associated indigenous knowledge. As a result awareness campaigns to promote the use of traditional vegetables, related nutritional education, including proper cooking and preservation techniques are necessary.  相似文献   

虚拟社区知识共享的动因分析——基于嵌入性理论的分析模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周军杰  左美云 《情报理论与实践》2011,34(9)

以嵌入性理论为基础,构建了“认知-关系-文化嵌入性”的概念模型,从认知、关系和文化3个方面分析虚拟社区知识共享的动因,认为认知嵌入性、关系嵌入性和文化嵌入性有助于社区认同的建立,社区认同会促使个体分享自己的知识;关系嵌入性有助于信任的产生,信任会直接影响到个体的知识共享行为;文化嵌入性会直接影响到个体的知识共享行为;3种嵌入性之间相互作用,影响到虚拟社区中个体的知识分享行为。将嵌入性理论引入到虚拟社区知识共享的研究中,有助于更好地理解这种行为背后的动因．促进虚拟社区的发展和知识管理理论的深化。  相似文献   

科技名人档案知识管理实践研究——以老科学家学术成长资料管理为例     

吕瑞花  俞以勤  韩露  王晓山  韩晶 《情报理论与实践》2011,34(6)

以老科学家学术成长资料管理为例,探讨科技名人档案知识管理的理论和方法。在分析老科学家学术成长资料的专属性和学科局限性、稀有性和珍藏价值、文献载体的多样性这3个特点基础上,提出借鉴档案知识管理方法对其进行管理的思想。然后,从老科学家学术成长资料的知识采集、知识组织、知识揭示和知识库建设4个方面探讨了对老科学家学术成长资料进行知识管理的方法和措施。  相似文献   

基于知识元语义链接的知识网络构建   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姜永常 《情报理论与实践》2011,34(5)

本文基于Brookes文献中的知识节点及Swanson文献间的隐性关联概念,提出了一种基于知识元本体语义链接的知识网络实现流程。文中给出了文献单元和Web信息的知识元认知抽取方法,知识元本体的结构建立和语义互联,以及利用Protégé技术实现基于知识元语义链接的知识网络构建步骤。  相似文献   

泛在知识环境下后数字图书馆发展的思考   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄幼菲 《情报理论与实践》2011,34(3)

泛在知识环境是未来知识型社会的数字化信息基础设施,是数字图书馆发展的终极目标.国外在对数字图书馆反思的基础上,开始了后数字图书馆的探索.后数字图书馆作为泛在的图书馆--超越时空、无所不在,作为智能的图书馆--新技术、新理念广泛应用,作为协同的图书馆--创建高度协同的图书馆联盟和信息服务合作机制,作为场所的图书馆--重新认识和发挥其物理图书馆的作用,作为资源的图书馆--馆藏关注的焦点将从购买资源转向知识管理,作为服务的图书馆--泛在化、人文化、开放化、透明化.  相似文献   

团队特征变量对知识共享影响的实证研究     

常涛  廖建桥 《情报理论与实践》2011,34(1)

本文探讨了影响知识共享的团队特征变量,并采用多层线性模型(HLM)对234个工作团队的813名成员的有效调查问卷进行了实证检验。结果表明,互依性(即任务互依性和成果互依性)与团队效能感均对知识共享起到积极影响作用;成员能力梯度对知识共享有负向影响作用。此外,任务互依性与成果互依性的交互作用对知识共享的影响也是显著的。最后对如何有效促进团队知识共享提出了建议。  相似文献   

基于耗散结构理论的企业知识生态系统研究     

谢守美 《情报理论与实践》2011,34(7)

文章运用耗散结构理论来分析企业知识生态系统,探讨耗散结构理论与知识生态系统的一致性,阐述企业知识生态系统的耗散结构特征,提出耗散结构理论对构建企业知识生态系统的几点启示。  相似文献